Lakota Hills Essay - 636 Words

Case 2 – Lakota Hills Challenges and advantages of developing a specialty food business: The specialty food business can be rewarding and exciting, but it can also be a real struggle. Specialty foods can range from salad dressing to chocolate sauce to fragrant breads. If you can make it, you can sell it--provided you know how. The specialty food business is more about marketing than cooking, getting your product on the shelves and then off again into customers shopping carts. You can look at it in two ways, when some people go grocery shopping; they want not just a can of soup but something special. But other hand in an age when very few have the time to stay home and bake cookies, put up preserves or pickles, or spend hours over†¦show more content†¦Yes, their current strategy will work in the initial stages to grow into a profitable business. Like targeting specialty stores, chain supermarkets and targeting retail segment with consumer educational plan. How might they integrate other channels into their overall selling model? Marketing is the key for specialty food business. With the right amount of advertising and educating the consumers about the products, Lakota hills will be able to convince other channels too like food brokers and self distributing retailers. They should still continue to target specialty stores, arts and crafts festivals, farmers markets, events to reach more consumers and first time buyers. And they should also start mail orders, individual mail orders and online sales. If they choose the mail order route, Lakota Hills should develop their own mailing list by having everyone who purchases their products or show interest to purchase at flea markets, festivals or other events sign a guest book with address lines. Another option is to place small magazine ads so customers can order products by mail. How will Lakota Hills make money? By increasing the fry bread sales. They should start considering Adding new line of related Native American products Creating online presence and sales Providing recipes to the consumers They should work towards creatingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jeffrey Ostlers The Lakotas And The Black Hills1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe Lakota, an Indian group of the Great Plains, established their community in the Black Hills in the late eighteenth century (9). This group is an example of an Indian community that got severely oppressed through imperialistic American actions and policy, as the Americans failed to recognize the Lakota’s sovereignty and ownership of the Black Hills. Jeffrey Ostler, author of The Lakotas and the Black Hills: The Struggle for Sacred Ground, shows that the Lakota exemplified the trends and subsequentRead MoreLessons Learned From the Massacre at Wounded Knee Essays2448 Words   |  10 Pagesthe American hold on the west and closed the final chapter on a way of life that can never be brought back. Lakota Indians, having learned of the death of Sitting Bull started to move towards Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in hopes of finding protection from Red Cloud. However, the harsh South Dakota winter weather had different plans, causing Chief Big Foot to become extremely ill. The Lakota came across cavalry forces and showed white flags in order to show they were no threat and in need of assistanceRead MoreThe Lakota Sioux Of The Sioux Nation1599 Words   |  7 Pagesphysical objects they rest upon, become increasingly vital to that group’s identity as a people. One such group is the Teton Lakota of the Sioux Nation in South Dakota, an area that has been home to them for hundreds of years and, while their entire homeland is precious to them, of particular importance are the Black Hills, or Paha Sapa as they are called in Lakota. The Black Hills are an isolated mountain range rising 3000 to 4000 feet above the surrounding plains of South Dakota, Wyoming, and MontanaRead MoreHistory Research Paper on Battle at Wounded Knee1742 Words   |  7 Pagesmovement of settlers onto their lands, one major reason was the discovery of gold in the Black Hills which were part of the Lakota reservation given to them in the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty. Whites tried many time s to purchase this land but the Lakota refused to sale their sacred Black Hills. In 1876 the US government became impatient and frustrated with the Lakota Indians. Due to this the US ordered the Lakota to stay on the reservation if found off of it they would be considered threats and would beRead MoreThe Life Of Sitting Bull1420 Words   |  6 Pagesaccompanied a group of Lakota warriors (which included his father and his uncle Four Horns) in a raiding party to take horses from a camp of Crow warriors. Jumping Badger displayed bravery by riding forward and counting coup on one of the surprised Crow, which was witnessed by the other mounted Lakota. Upon returning to camp his father gave a celebratory feast at which he conferred his own name upon his son. Continued.. The name, TÈŸatÈŸaÅ‹ka IyotÈŸaÅ‹ka (Tatanka Iyotake), which in the Lakota language meansRead MoreThe American Of Native American History Essay2006 Words   |  9 PagesIndian nations appoint head chiefs to these councils so they could deal with a small group of men rather than the entire nations (North Dakota Studies). This sort of negotiation was meaningless to the Lakota, Dakota, and other Indian nations (North Dakota Studies). Decision-making among the Lakota and Dakota was based on participation of all until consensus was reached, and in this form of democracy a few men could not speak for all or bind all people to treaty promises (North Dakota Studies). NonethelessRead MoreThe Life of Sitting Bull1014 Words   |  5 Pages Sitting Bull was a Lakota Chief who was known for his skills as a warrior as well as his wisdom, which was highly valued by his tribe. In his life he battled against rival Indian tribes such as the Crow, which established him as a great warrior. Later he fought against the United States military, which had invaded their land and tried to take it by both force and by promised they intended to break. In his later years he was a part of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, which made him popular with bothRead MoreBlack Elk And Black Deer1202 Words   |  5 Pagesof Lakotas escaped from the reservation and traveled north to Canada where Sitting Bull’s band was. The winters in Canada were too harsh for the Sioux so they reluctantly moved back to the reservation where they were given hardly anything. With Black Elk’s people losing hope he teaches them the dances he learned in his visions. When Black Elk learns of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show he decides to go with him, after a few months doing shows in America Black Elk went to England. When the Lakotas wereRead MoreLakota Sioux Tribe : The Lakota Tribe1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lakota Sioux primarily located in North and South Dakota â€Å"are one of three main subdivisions of the Great Sioux Nation† (â€Å"Lakota†, n.d). Prior to the 1900’s, â€Å"The Lakota tribe consist of seven bands that lived throughout the Great Plains, the largest and most famous of being the Oglala Sioux Tribe† (â€Å"Lakota†, n.d.). In the late 1800’s the Lakota were relocated to several reservations, with the majority of the tribe living on the Pine Ridge Reservation and the Rosebud Reservation. In additionRead MoreNative American Spirituality And Native Americans1374 Words   |  6 Pagesand all of Mother Earth’s creations and resources as sacred and had the utmost respect for them. For the Sioux nation (also known as the Lakota), spirituality is an fundamental part of daily life. The Lakota’s world view, like that of a number of other indigenous peoples, embraces animism, shamanism and polytheism (McKenzie, 2001). Like other Natives, the Lakota have a very holistic approach to living, seeking unity in all living things. When these Natives address the universe, they speak to a world

Civil Disobedience Is Not Safe For The People Living...

When is an act of civil disobedience just or unjust? Or better yet, what is a just act of civil disobedience? According to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr in his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† â€Å"we who engage in nonviolent direct action are not the creators of tension. We merely bring to the surface the hidden tension that is already alive.† In the case of Greenpeace protestors breaking into Australia’s nuclear plant, their act of civil disobedience is exactly what an act of civil disobedience justly looks like. Greenpeace had two goals when they decided to break into Lucas Heights. The first goal was to actively show the world how the lack of security at Lucas Heights put Australia at risk for a terrorist attack, and wanted to show how nuclear energy is not safe for the people living around the reactor. In the early hours of December 17, 2001, 46 Greenpeace activists broke into Australia’s nuclear site known as the Lucas Heights nuclear plant. The 46 volunteers split into two groups. Group one entered the grounds through a fence at the back of the facility, and the second group slipped in through the gate entrance. According to the activists in group two, there were only two security guards on duty at the front gate and none were mentioned for the back of the facility. While the groups were on the grounds, the activists used a four-wheel-drive vehicle to block the entrance gates of the nuclear site so they would be able to run on the grounds uninterrupted for as long asShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesin history, for example, had so many humans enjoyed such high standards of living, and never had so many been so impoverished or died of malnutrition and disease. If the period from the 1870s is included in a long twentieth century (and perhaps even if it is not), migration served as a mode of escape from oppression and poverty and, in many instances, as an avenue toward advancement for an unprecedented number of people that soared well into the hundreds of millions by century’s end. But forRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageschallenges, including: â€Å"How can I help others accept new goals, new ideas, new approaches?† â€Å"How can I invigorate those who feel outdated and left behind?† â€Å"How do I help the ‘survivors’ of a downsizing pick up the pieces and move on?† â€Å"How do I help people with very different agendas and philosophies work together, especially during periods of high stress and uncertainty?† Anyone tempted to dismissively argue that the answers to these questions are â€Å"common sense† would do well to recall Will Rogers’Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes in OB 14 Challenges and Opportunities for OB 15 Responding to Economic Pressures 15 †¢ Responding to Globalization 16 †¢ Managing Workforce Diversity 18 †¢ Improving Customer Service 18 †¢ Improving People Skills 19 †¢ Stimulating Innovation and Change 20 †¢ Coping with â€Å"Temporariness† 20 †¢ Working in Networked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22

What Is a Hypothesis The Scientific Method

A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for an observation. The definition depends on the subject. In science, a hypothesis is part of the scientific method. It is a prediction or explanation that is tested by an experiment. Observations and experiments may disprove a scientific hypothesis, but can never entirely prove one. In the study of logic, a hypothesis is an if-then proposition, typically written in the form, If X, then Y. In common usage, a hypothesis is simply a proposed explanation or prediction, which may or may not be tested. Writing a Hypothesis Most scientific hypotheses are proposed in the if-then format because its easy to design an experiment to see whether or not a cause and effect relationship exists between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The hypothesis is written as a prediction of the outcome of the experiment. Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis Statistically, its easier to show there is no relationship between two variables than to support their connection. So, scientists often propose the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis assumes changing the independent variable will have no effect on the dependent variable. In contrast, the alternative hypothesis suggests changing the independent variable will have an effect on the dependent variable. Designing an experiment to test this hypothesis can be trickier because there are many ways to state an alternative hypothesis. For example, consider a possible relationship between getting a good nights sleep and getting good grades. The null hypothesis might be stated: The number of hours of sleep students get is unrelated to their grades or There is no correlation between hours of sleep and grades. An experiment to test this hypothesis might involve collecting data, recording average hours of sleep for each student and grades. If a student who gets eight hours of sleep generally does better than students who get four hours of sleep or 10 hours of sleep, the hypothesis might be rejected. But the alternative hypothesis is harder to propose and test. The most general statement would be: The amount of sleep students get affects their grades. The hypothesis might also be stated as If you get more sleep, your grades will improve or Students who get nine hours of sleep have better grades than those who get more or less sleep. In an experiment, you can collect the same data, but the statistical analysis is less likely to give you a high confidence limit. Usually, a scientist starts out with the null hypothesis. From there, it may be possible to propose and test an alternative hypothesis, to narrow down the relationship between the variables. Example of a Hypothesis Examples of a hypothesis include: If you drop a rock and a feather, (then) they will fall at the same rate.Plants need sunlight in order to live. (if sunlight, then life)Eating sugar gives you energy. (if sugar, then energy) Sources White, Jay D.  Research in Public Administration. Conn., 1998.Schick, Theodore, and Lewis Vaughn.  How to Think about Weird Things: Critical Thinking for a New Age. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2002.

Coca Cola Racial Discrimination Lawsuit - 1366 Words

COCA-COLA RACIAL DISCRIMINATION LAWSUIT 1999 (INGRAM ET AL. V. THE COCA-COLA COMPANY) Have you ever heard of the saying â€Å"never judge a book by its cover†? To judge someone based on what they look like on the outside, how they act, or even how they dress is discrimination. Discrimination is the practice of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people (Merriam-Webster). While discrimination is a significant problem in todays society so is racism. Racism is not something new; it has been around for centuries. Racism is a major factor in many of the events that have happen in the past as well as the events that are happening in society today. John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886 in Atlanta Georgia selling only nine bottles a day. Today Coca-Cola is one of the largest distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage company’s in the world. It’s everywhere. Coca-Cola has 900 plants around the world and approximately 123,000 employees worldwide with its product being sold to 200 countries. It has hundreds of brands and thousands of products sold worldwide. Coca- Cola has one of the most sophisticated and persistent production and distribution systems in the world. It markets its product affordably in restaurants, stores, vending machines; concession stands, sporting events and etc. They also sell apparel with there logos on them to promote their brands and products. With a brand so large and successful it has severalShow MoreRelatedThe Coca Cola Company Struggles With Ethical Crisis1174 Words   |  5 PagesThe Coca-Cola Company Struggles with Ethical Crisis The Coca-Cola Company has struggled with ethical problems since the beginning of the 1990’s. The company has been accused of discrimination, interest of conflicts, and channel stuffing. (O.C Ferrell, John Fraedrich, Linda Ferrell, 2011) The Coca-Cola Company is known as the world’s largest beverage company. The last ten years has been exceptional until the company struggled to meet its financial objectives and encountered a number of ethical crisesRead MoreThe Ethical Issues That Coca Cola Inc.1273 Words   |  6 Pagesthis Project Management essay, I am going to be talking about the ethical issues that Coca-Cola Inc. faced in the past several years. How the biggest world wide soft drink company faced Racial discrimination allegations, inflated earnings related to channel stuffing, and trouble with the distributors. I’ll be reviewing the consequences of all these actions, and how they recovered. Analysis Coca-Cola is a world wide know soft drink beverage organization. Started by a pharmacist namedRead MoreThe Coca Cola Company s Corporate Responsibility Regarding People, Planet, And Profit1162 Words   |  5 Pagesthe law or ethical standards of conduct attract negative publicity rather than positive discretionary activities, for example, community-outreach efforts and philanthropy. This paper seeks to analyze the Coca-Cola Company’s corporate responsibility concerning people, planet, and profit. The Coca-Cola Company was founded in 1886 in Atlanta, Georgia and has grown to become the world’s leading non-alcoholic beverages company. It specializes in manufacturing, marketing and distribution of its concentrateRead MoreCoca Col The World s Largest Beverage Company884 Words   |  4 Pageskey facts are that â€Å"Coca-Cola Company is the world’s largest beverage company and markets four of the world’s top five soft drinks brands namely Coke, Diet Coke, Fanta, and Sprite† (Ferrell, et al, 2013, p. 309). Over the years Coca-Cola has remained ahead of Pepsi, its main competitor. In 2006 however, Pepsi moved ahead of Coca-Cola by focusing on snack food and innovative strategies in the non-cola beverage market (Ferrell, et al, 2013, p. 309). The reputation of Coca-Cola has not only been amongRead MoreCoca Col The World s Largest And Most Successful Beverage Company Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesCoca-Cola Company Coca-Cola started its business in 1886 bringing, in the concept of carbonated soft drinks. Coca-Cola Company’s primary business consists of manufacturing and selling beverage concentrates and syrups, as well as some finished beverages, to bottling and canning operations and other distributors. (â€Å"Structure and culture - creating an effective organizational structure - Coca-Cola great Britain,† 1995). Coca-Cola was first to move into the marketplace and by being first to move intoRead MoreCoca Col The World s Largest And Most Successful Beverage Company Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesCoca-Cola started its business in 1886 bringing, in the concept of carbonated soft drinks. Coca-Cola Company’s primary business consists of manufacturing and selling beverage concentrates and syrups, as well as some finished beverages, to bottling and canning operations and other distributors. (â€Å"Structure and culture - creating an effective organizational structure - Coca -Cola great Britain,† 1995). Coca-Cola was first to move into the marketplace and by being first to move into this marketplaceRead MoreCoca Cola Company Struggles With Ethical Issues Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pages The coca-cola company struggles with ethical issues Name Institution Coca-cola boasts of being the world’s largest beverage company serving approximately one billion customers daily. The most dominant products distributed by Coca-cola are Coke, Fanta, Sprite and Diet Coke. This strategy is aimed at ensuring that every customer gets satisfied whenever they use a Coca-cola brand. Coca-cola has large distributions across the globe making it the largest distributor in the world. The late Roberto GoizuetaRead MoreCoca-Cola: Diversity2576 Words   |  11 PagesAnalysis of an Organization: Traci Jancasz June 15, 2010 MGT 540: Diversity Professor Venecia Morris Graduate School of Management Table of Contents Introduction 3 Racial Discrimination Issues 3 â€Å"Quota Cola† Case 3 Cincinnati Case 4 Hawaii Case 4 Coca-Cola Company Reaction to Lawsuits 5 Analysis of Coca-Cola Diversity Initiatives 8 Works Cited 10 ------------------------------------------------- Introduction In order for any organization to flourish, there must be inclusion of culturalRead MoreCoca Cola Ethical Issues Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagesnumber of ethical issues that Coca Cola has had within the past decades. The company has been accused of a number of unethical behaviors that had to do with the safety of their products, financial issues, also a contamination scare in 1999, and issues based on their competition. They were also accused of racial discrimination, distribution of additional goods being sent out to suppliers before the quarter ended, also known as channel stuffing. Other ethical issues Coca-Cola had were exhaustion of waterRead MoreCoca Col Unethical Activities799 Words   |  4 PagesSince the 1990’s Coca-Cola has been involved in some scandalous and very unethical activities in areas such as product safety, anticompetitiveness, racial discrimination, channel stuffing, distributor conflicts, intimidation tactics, pollution, depletion of natural resour ces, and health concerns (Ferrell, Fraedrich, Farrell, 2015). According to the case study, they have been named in multiple law suits; some which resulted in out of court private settlements, others in a court battle and still

Export Assistance and Incentives Free Essays

string(225) " Credit and Foreign Investment Reinsurance Scheme \(ECRS\), \? Duty Credit Certificate Scheme \(DCCS\), \?Motor Industry Development Program \(MIDP\), \?Sector Partnership Fund, \?Export Credit Incentives and Export Finance\." Export incentives Devices used by countries to encourage exports. These can include tax incentives for exporters, allowing them exemptions from the normal provisions of anti-monopoly legislation, preferential access to capital markets, priority Developing countries have started manufacturing industries only recently. As a result, their cost of production generally tends to be high because of the following reasons: ? Total market availability within the country is small with the result that the economies of large-scale production cannot be reaped. We will write a custom essay sample on Export Assistance and Incentives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Productivity of labor is low because the level of mechanization as compared to that in the developed countries is low. ?Manufacturing units in developing countries, being small and new, have considerably less expertise in the field of international marketing and because the volume of exports is low, the per unit cost of trade promotion expenditure tends to be high. India has to raise higher resources for development which has to be done through a number of indirect levies which tend to push up the overall cost of production. Most developing countries have, therefore, resorted to a number of export promotion measures. India has also been providing export assistance to Indian exporters. However, the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and countervailing duties does not allow specific types of export subsidies. The Government of India is, therefore, removing those export incentives which are not WTO compatible. NEW SYSTEM OF EXPORT ASSISTANCE: From 1992, export incentive system in India has been made simple. There are essentially three major incentives. These are: (1) Market-based Exchange Rate; (2) Fiscal Concessions, and (3) Facilities under the Export-Import Policy. These are discussed in detail below: MARKET BASED EXCHANGE RATE: For long, external value of the rupee was managed by the Reserve bank of India (RBI) by pegging the value of the rupee to a basket of currencies. RBI used to keep the value of the rupee at a level which was higher than the real value. In the post-Economic Reforms period, the Government of India decided to abolish all direct incentives to exports and promote exports through the exchange rate mechanism. Accordingly, the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS) was introduced. Under this system, there were two exchange rates: one official rate which was determined by the RBI as was the practice earlier; and second, a rate which was quoted by the banks based on the demand-supply position. Exporters had to surrender 40 per cent of their foreign exchange earnings to banks and could sell the residual 60 percent at the market rate which was normally expected to be more attractive than the official rate. Through this mechanism the Government hoped to achieve two objectives: First the difference between the market rate and the official rate would provide enough incentives to the exporters. Second, this would introduce a self-balancing mechanism for the balance of trade, because only that much imports could be made which could be financed through the market i. e. the resources available through the 60 percent account. One year’s experience revealed that rupee remained stable in the international market. This gave to the Government for full convertibility on the trade account. Accordingly, rupee was made fully convertible for export-import transactions in March 1993. This would provide more financial benefit to the exporters as under the LERMS, they had to surrender 40 per cent of their receivables at a discount which averaged about 15 per cent when LERMS was in operation. Since March 1993, the exchange rate of the rupees is fully determined by the demand supply conditions in the market. Under such a system, exporters will get benefit when rupee depreciates while importers will lose. When rupee appreciates, the balance of benefits will be just the reverse. TAX CONCESSIONS: a)In the computation of total income, Section 80-HHC allows a deduction of the whole of the profit derived from the export of goods or merchandise. The requirement of minimum tax contained in Section 115-J does not apply to exporting corporate assesses. This benefit is also available to supporting manufacturers exporting through Export/ Trading Houses provided that the amount of deductio n claimed is retained as a reserve for the purpose of the business of the assesse. However, the budget for the year 2000-2001 has reduced this exemption by 20 per cent every year to be phased out in five years. b)Exemption from taxation of the profits from overseas projects to the extent of 50 per cent. (c)Exemption from taxation of 50 per cent of royalty, commission, fees or any similar payment obtained from the exports of technical know-how and technical services. (d)A 10-year tax holiday for 100 per cent export-oriented units and for units located in Free Trade/Export Processing Zones. (e)Discounted rates of customs duty on imports of selected items of machinery for export production. ? EXPORT ASSISTANCE AND INCENTIVES AVAILABLE TO THE EXPORTS Export assistance and a variety of facilities and export incentives available to the Exporters are given in mindset and more aggressive approach is needed to develop technology. Export capabilities and to enhance such exports. These may include better Management of trade policies at international level, simplified procedures, better Incentives for high value-technology incentives exports etc. Export incentives can play an integral role in developing export capability and can encourage exports by providing financial assistance to exporting companies to enable them to compete effectively in international markets. For South African industries facing exchange rate fluctuations and constant threats of competitors in other developing markets, tools to enhance global access to key markets are imperative. In addition to benefits available under the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA) (legislation passed in the United States of America), bilateral trade agreements such as the one between South Africa and the European Union, the General System of Preferences (GSPs), the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the International Trade Administration Commission (ITAC) provide assistance ranging from marketing support to export credits. The primary export incentives currently in operation in South Africa include: ? Export marketing and investment assistance scheme (EMIA) ? Tariff Restructuring Program, ?Sector Assistance Scheme (SSAS), ?Rebate Provisions ?Export Credit and Foreign Investment Reinsurance Scheme (ECRS), ? Duty Credit Certificate Scheme (DCCS), ?Motor Industry Development Program (MIDP), ?Sector Partnership Fund, ?Export Credit Incentives and Export Finance. You read "Export Assistance and Incentives" in category "Papers" EXPORT MARKETING AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE SCHEME (EMIA) The purpose of the EMIA scheme is to partially compensate exporters for certain costs incurred in respect of activities aimed at developing export markets for South African products and to recruit new foreign direct investment into South Africa. Additional benefits are awarded to small, medium and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and businesses owned by the previously disadvantaged. The financial assistance is in the form of reimbursement and is not a pre-paid benefit. TARIFF RESTRUCTURING PROGRAM: By virtue of South Africa’s World Trade Organization (WTO) membership, import tariff levels are also being reduced and the import tariff listings are being simplified by reducing the number of tariff headings. Export incentives relate only to the export of goods destined for recognized export markets, which in general means to countries outside the Southern African Customs Union (SACU). SECTOR ASSISTANCE SCHEME (SSAS) Financial assistance is available to industry sectors with the objectives of developing new export markets; broadening the export base; stimulating the participation of SMMEs in the export sector, promoting black economic empowerment (BEE) and women empowerment within the overall objective of job creation. REBATE PROVISIONS: Is aimed at the promotion of manufacturing and exportation of goods, and are available to certain manufacturing industries in respect of duties applicable to imported goods, raw materials and components used in manufacturing, processing and for export. EXPORT CREDIT AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT REINSURANCE SCHEME (ECRS) Provides exporters with insurance cover against political and transfer risks, as well as commercial and insolvency risks. A special dispensation exists for SMMEs. DUTY CREDIT CERTIFICATE SCHEME (DCCS) This scheme is designed as a temporary â€Å"kick-start† measure to enhance the export competitiveness of certain prescribed textile and clothing products by offering duty credit certificates to qualifying exporters. These duty credit certificates could be used to off-set customs duties payable on import of similar products. MOTOR INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (MIDP) Is available to motor vehicle assemblers and component manufacturers and exporters. The programme enables local vehicle and component manufacturers to increase production runs and encourages rationalization of the number of models manufactured by way of exports and complementing import of vehicles and components. EXPORT CREDIT INCENTIVE Financing at reduced rates by the Investment Development Corporation (IDC). An export credit incentive is available to selected expansion schemes expected to result in increased foreign exchange earnings. Financing of credit for exporters of capital goods is also available through the IDC or private-sector merchant banks at reduced rates. ? Credit facilities under the export finance scheme for capital projects: Credit facilities are available to exporters of capital projects under the Export Finance Scheme for Capital Projects to allow them to compete internationally by offering buyers competitive rates denominated in US Dollars. FACILITIES AND INCENTIVES TO INDIAN EXPORTERS Promotion of export has been a major thrust area of the Ministry of Commerce And Industry for the last three decades. Apart from this. Many other Central/State Ministries have also been involved in the promotion of India’s exports. Many Exports Promotion Councils, Public Sector Undertakings, Chambers of Commerce, Industries’ Associations and Services Organizations are also contributing towards the promotion of Indian exports. The facilities and incentives presently available to the Indian exporters include the Following. MARKETING DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE (MDA) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has a scheme of MDA, which was launched in 1963 with a view to stimulate and diversify the export trade, along with he development of marketing of Indian products and commodities abroad. The MDA is utilized for: Market research, commodity research, area survey and research; Participation in trade fairs and exhibitions; Export publicity and dissemination of information; Trade delegation and study teams; Establishment of offices and branches in abroad; Grant-in-aid to Export Promotion Councils a nd other approved organizations for the development of exports and the promotion of foreign trade; and any other scheme which is generally aimed at promoting the development of markets for Indian products and commodities abroad. MARKET ACCESS INITIATIVE (MAI) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has introduced the MAI in April 2001 with the idea that the Government shall assist the industry in RD, market research, specific market and product studies, warehousing and retail marketing infrastructure in select countries and direct market promotion activities through media advertising and buyer-seller meets. Financial assistance shall be available under the scheme to EPCs, industry and trade associations and other eligible activities, as may be notified from time to time. A small allocation of Rs 42 corer has been made for 2002-03. ? CENTRAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES The State Governments shall be encouraged to fully participate in encouraging exports from their respective States. For this purpose, a new scheme â€Å"Assistance to States for Infrastructural Development for Exports† (ASIDE) has been initiated which would provide funds to the States based on the twin criteria or gross exports and the rate of growth of exports from different States. Eighty per cent of the total funds would be allotted to the States based on the above criteria and remaining 20 per cent will brutalized by the Centre for various infrastructure activities that cut across State boundaries, etc. A sum of Rs 49. 5 crore has already been sanctioned for 2001-02 and furthers a sum of Rs 330 crore has also been approved for 2002-03. The State shall utilize this amount for developing complementary and critical infrastructure. TOWNS OF EXPORT EXCELLENCE A number of towns in specific geographical locations have emerged as dynamic industrial locations and handsomely contributing to India’s exports. These industrial cluster-towns have been recognized with a view to maximizing their export profiles and help in upgrading them to move up the higher value markets. A beginning is being made to consider industrial cluster towns such as Tripura for Hosiery, Panipat for Woolen Blankets and Ludhiana for Woolen knitwear. Common service providers in these areas shall be entitled for EPCG Scheme, funds under the MAI scheme for creating focused technological services, priority assistance for identified critical infrastructural gaps from the Scheme on Central Assistance to States. Units in these notified areas would be eligible for availing all the Exim Policy Scheme. The Government of India has framed several schemes to promote exports and to obtain foreign exchange. These schemes grants incentive and other benefits. The few important export incentives, from the point of view of indirect taxes are briefed below: ? FREE TRADE ZONES (FTZ) Several FTZs have been established at various places in India like Kandla, Noida, Cochin, etc. No excise duties are payable on goods manufactured in these zones provided they are made for export purpose. Goods being brought in these zones from different parts of the country are brought without the payment of any excise duty. Moreover, no customs duties are payable on imported raw material and components used in the manufacture of such goods being exported. If entire production is not sold outside the country, the unit has the provision of selling 25% of their production in India. On such sale, the excise duty is payable at 50% of basic plus additional customs or normal excise duty payable if the goods were produced elsewhere in India, whichever is higher. ELECTRONIC HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY PARK / SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY PARKS This scheme is just like FTZ scheme, but it is restricted to units in the electronics and computer hardware and software sector. ADVANCE LICENCE / DUTY EXEMPTION ENTITLEMENT SCHEME (DEEC) In this scheme advance licence, either quantity based (Qbal) or value based (Vabal), is given to an exporter against which the raw materials and other components may be imported without payment of customs duty provided the manufactured goods are exported. These licence are transferable in the open market at a price. EXPORT PROMOTION CAPITAL GOODS SCHEME (EPCG) According to this scheme, a domestic manufacturer can import machinery and plant without paying customs duty or settling at a concessional rate of customs duty. But his undertakings should be as mentioned below: Customs Duty RateExport ObligationTimetime 10%4 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery5 years Nil in case CIF value is Rs200mn or more. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of machinery. 8 years Nil in case CIF value is Rs50mn or more for agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, floriculture, horticulture, poultry and sericulture. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of machinery. years . Note:- NFE stands for net foreign earnings. CIF stands for cost plus insurance plus freight cost of the machinery. FOB stands for Free on Board i. e. export value excluding cost of freight and insurance. DEEMED EXPORTS The Indian suppliers are entitled for the following benefits in respect of deemed exports: ? Refund of excise duty paid on final products ?Duty drawback ?Imports under DEEC scheme ?Sp ecial import licenses based on value of deemed exports The following categories are treated as deemed exports for seller if the goods are manufactured in India: 1. Supply of goods against duty free licences under DEEC scheme 2. Supply of goods to a 100 % EOU or a unit in a free trade zone or a unit in a software technology park or a unit in a hardware technology park 3. Supply of goods to holders of licence under the EPCG scheme 4. Supply of goods to projects financed by multilateral or bilateral agencies or funds notified by the Finance Ministry under international competitive bidding or under limited tender systems in accordance with the procedures of those agencies or funds where legal agreements provide for ender evaluation without including customs duty 5. Supply of capital goods and spares upto 10% of the FOR value to fertilizer plants under international competitive bidding 6. Supply of goods to any project or purpose in respect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification the import of goods at zero customs duty along with benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies 7. Supply of goods to power, oil and gas sectors in res pect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies MANUFACTURE UNDER BOND This scheme furnishes a bond with the manufacturer of adequate amount to undertake the export of his production. Against this the manufacturer is allowed to import goods without paying any customs duty, even if he obtain it from the domestic market without excise duty. The production is made under the supervision of customs or excise authority. DUTY DRAWBACK IT means the rebate of duty chargeable on imported material or excisable material used in the manufacturing of goods in and is exported. The exporter may claim drawback or refund of excise and customs duties being paid by his suppliers. The final exporter can claim the drawback on material used for the manufacture of export products. In case of re-import of goods the drawback can be claimed. The following are Drawbacks: ?Customs paid on imported inputs plus excise duty paid on indigenous imports. ?Duty paid on packing material. Drawback is not allowed on inputs obtained without payment of customs or excise duty. In part payment of customs and excise duty, rebate or refund can be claimed only on the paid part. In case of re-export of goods, it should be done within 2 years from the date of payment of duty when they were imported. 98% of the duty is allowable as drawback, only after inspection. If the goods imported are used before its re-export, the drawback will be allowed as at reduced per cent. ? NAME Yash patel COLLEGE NAME Kamala Mehta College of commerce ROLL NO. 156 PROJECT NAME Export assistance and incentives CLASS T. Y. BCOM (B) ? How to cite Export Assistance and Incentives, Papers

Export Assistance and Incentives Free Essays

string(225) " Credit and Foreign Investment Reinsurance Scheme \(ECRS\), \? Duty Credit Certificate Scheme \(DCCS\), \?Motor Industry Development Program \(MIDP\), \?Sector Partnership Fund, \?Export Credit Incentives and Export Finance\." Export incentives Devices used by countries to encourage exports. These can include tax incentives for exporters, allowing them exemptions from the normal provisions of anti-monopoly legislation, preferential access to capital markets, priority Developing countries have started manufacturing industries only recently. As a result, their cost of production generally tends to be high because of the following reasons: ? Total market availability within the country is small with the result that the economies of large-scale production cannot be reaped. We will write a custom essay sample on Export Assistance and Incentives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Productivity of labor is low because the level of mechanization as compared to that in the developed countries is low. ?Manufacturing units in developing countries, being small and new, have considerably less expertise in the field of international marketing and because the volume of exports is low, the per unit cost of trade promotion expenditure tends to be high. India has to raise higher resources for development which has to be done through a number of indirect levies which tend to push up the overall cost of production. Most developing countries have, therefore, resorted to a number of export promotion measures. India has also been providing export assistance to Indian exporters. However, the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and countervailing duties does not allow specific types of export subsidies. The Government of India is, therefore, removing those export incentives which are not WTO compatible. NEW SYSTEM OF EXPORT ASSISTANCE: From 1992, export incentive system in India has been made simple. There are essentially three major incentives. These are: (1) Market-based Exchange Rate; (2) Fiscal Concessions, and (3) Facilities under the Export-Import Policy. These are discussed in detail below: MARKET BASED EXCHANGE RATE: For long, external value of the rupee was managed by the Reserve bank of India (RBI) by pegging the value of the rupee to a basket of currencies. RBI used to keep the value of the rupee at a level which was higher than the real value. In the post-Economic Reforms period, the Government of India decided to abolish all direct incentives to exports and promote exports through the exchange rate mechanism. Accordingly, the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS) was introduced. Under this system, there were two exchange rates: one official rate which was determined by the RBI as was the practice earlier; and second, a rate which was quoted by the banks based on the demand-supply position. Exporters had to surrender 40 per cent of their foreign exchange earnings to banks and could sell the residual 60 percent at the market rate which was normally expected to be more attractive than the official rate. Through this mechanism the Government hoped to achieve two objectives: First the difference between the market rate and the official rate would provide enough incentives to the exporters. Second, this would introduce a self-balancing mechanism for the balance of trade, because only that much imports could be made which could be financed through the market i. e. the resources available through the 60 percent account. One year’s experience revealed that rupee remained stable in the international market. This gave to the Government for full convertibility on the trade account. Accordingly, rupee was made fully convertible for export-import transactions in March 1993. This would provide more financial benefit to the exporters as under the LERMS, they had to surrender 40 per cent of their receivables at a discount which averaged about 15 per cent when LERMS was in operation. Since March 1993, the exchange rate of the rupees is fully determined by the demand supply conditions in the market. Under such a system, exporters will get benefit when rupee depreciates while importers will lose. When rupee appreciates, the balance of benefits will be just the reverse. TAX CONCESSIONS: a)In the computation of total income, Section 80-HHC allows a deduction of the whole of the profit derived from the export of goods or merchandise. The requirement of minimum tax contained in Section 115-J does not apply to exporting corporate assesses. This benefit is also available to supporting manufacturers exporting through Export/ Trading Houses provided that the amount of deductio n claimed is retained as a reserve for the purpose of the business of the assesse. However, the budget for the year 2000-2001 has reduced this exemption by 20 per cent every year to be phased out in five years. b)Exemption from taxation of the profits from overseas projects to the extent of 50 per cent. (c)Exemption from taxation of 50 per cent of royalty, commission, fees or any similar payment obtained from the exports of technical know-how and technical services. (d)A 10-year tax holiday for 100 per cent export-oriented units and for units located in Free Trade/Export Processing Zones. (e)Discounted rates of customs duty on imports of selected items of machinery for export production. ? EXPORT ASSISTANCE AND INCENTIVES AVAILABLE TO THE EXPORTS Export assistance and a variety of facilities and export incentives available to the Exporters are given in mindset and more aggressive approach is needed to develop technology. Export capabilities and to enhance such exports. These may include better Management of trade policies at international level, simplified procedures, better Incentives for high value-technology incentives exports etc. Export incentives can play an integral role in developing export capability and can encourage exports by providing financial assistance to exporting companies to enable them to compete effectively in international markets. For South African industries facing exchange rate fluctuations and constant threats of competitors in other developing markets, tools to enhance global access to key markets are imperative. In addition to benefits available under the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA) (legislation passed in the United States of America), bilateral trade agreements such as the one between South Africa and the European Union, the General System of Preferences (GSPs), the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the International Trade Administration Commission (ITAC) provide assistance ranging from marketing support to export credits. The primary export incentives currently in operation in South Africa include: ? Export marketing and investment assistance scheme (EMIA) ? Tariff Restructuring Program, ?Sector Assistance Scheme (SSAS), ?Rebate Provisions ?Export Credit and Foreign Investment Reinsurance Scheme (ECRS), ? Duty Credit Certificate Scheme (DCCS), ?Motor Industry Development Program (MIDP), ?Sector Partnership Fund, ?Export Credit Incentives and Export Finance. You read "Export Assistance and Incentives" in category "Papers" EXPORT MARKETING AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE SCHEME (EMIA) The purpose of the EMIA scheme is to partially compensate exporters for certain costs incurred in respect of activities aimed at developing export markets for South African products and to recruit new foreign direct investment into South Africa. Additional benefits are awarded to small, medium and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and businesses owned by the previously disadvantaged. The financial assistance is in the form of reimbursement and is not a pre-paid benefit. TARIFF RESTRUCTURING PROGRAM: By virtue of South Africa’s World Trade Organization (WTO) membership, import tariff levels are also being reduced and the import tariff listings are being simplified by reducing the number of tariff headings. Export incentives relate only to the export of goods destined for recognized export markets, which in general means to countries outside the Southern African Customs Union (SACU). SECTOR ASSISTANCE SCHEME (SSAS) Financial assistance is available to industry sectors with the objectives of developing new export markets; broadening the export base; stimulating the participation of SMMEs in the export sector, promoting black economic empowerment (BEE) and women empowerment within the overall objective of job creation. REBATE PROVISIONS: Is aimed at the promotion of manufacturing and exportation of goods, and are available to certain manufacturing industries in respect of duties applicable to imported goods, raw materials and components used in manufacturing, processing and for export. EXPORT CREDIT AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT REINSURANCE SCHEME (ECRS) Provides exporters with insurance cover against political and transfer risks, as well as commercial and insolvency risks. A special dispensation exists for SMMEs. DUTY CREDIT CERTIFICATE SCHEME (DCCS) This scheme is designed as a temporary â€Å"kick-start† measure to enhance the export competitiveness of certain prescribed textile and clothing products by offering duty credit certificates to qualifying exporters. These duty credit certificates could be used to off-set customs duties payable on import of similar products. MOTOR INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (MIDP) Is available to motor vehicle assemblers and component manufacturers and exporters. The programme enables local vehicle and component manufacturers to increase production runs and encourages rationalization of the number of models manufactured by way of exports and complementing import of vehicles and components. EXPORT CREDIT INCENTIVE Financing at reduced rates by the Investment Development Corporation (IDC). An export credit incentive is available to selected expansion schemes expected to result in increased foreign exchange earnings. Financing of credit for exporters of capital goods is also available through the IDC or private-sector merchant banks at reduced rates. ? Credit facilities under the export finance scheme for capital projects: Credit facilities are available to exporters of capital projects under the Export Finance Scheme for Capital Projects to allow them to compete internationally by offering buyers competitive rates denominated in US Dollars. FACILITIES AND INCENTIVES TO INDIAN EXPORTERS Promotion of export has been a major thrust area of the Ministry of Commerce And Industry for the last three decades. Apart from this. Many other Central/State Ministries have also been involved in the promotion of India’s exports. Many Exports Promotion Councils, Public Sector Undertakings, Chambers of Commerce, Industries’ Associations and Services Organizations are also contributing towards the promotion of Indian exports. The facilities and incentives presently available to the Indian exporters include the Following. MARKETING DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE (MDA) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has a scheme of MDA, which was launched in 1963 with a view to stimulate and diversify the export trade, along with he development of marketing of Indian products and commodities abroad. The MDA is utilized for: Market research, commodity research, area survey and research; Participation in trade fairs and exhibitions; Export publicity and dissemination of information; Trade delegation and study teams; Establishment of offices and branches in abroad; Grant-in-aid to Export Promotion Councils a nd other approved organizations for the development of exports and the promotion of foreign trade; and any other scheme which is generally aimed at promoting the development of markets for Indian products and commodities abroad. MARKET ACCESS INITIATIVE (MAI) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has introduced the MAI in April 2001 with the idea that the Government shall assist the industry in RD, market research, specific market and product studies, warehousing and retail marketing infrastructure in select countries and direct market promotion activities through media advertising and buyer-seller meets. Financial assistance shall be available under the scheme to EPCs, industry and trade associations and other eligible activities, as may be notified from time to time. A small allocation of Rs 42 corer has been made for 2002-03. ? CENTRAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES The State Governments shall be encouraged to fully participate in encouraging exports from their respective States. For this purpose, a new scheme â€Å"Assistance to States for Infrastructural Development for Exports† (ASIDE) has been initiated which would provide funds to the States based on the twin criteria or gross exports and the rate of growth of exports from different States. Eighty per cent of the total funds would be allotted to the States based on the above criteria and remaining 20 per cent will brutalized by the Centre for various infrastructure activities that cut across State boundaries, etc. A sum of Rs 49. 5 crore has already been sanctioned for 2001-02 and furthers a sum of Rs 330 crore has also been approved for 2002-03. The State shall utilize this amount for developing complementary and critical infrastructure. TOWNS OF EXPORT EXCELLENCE A number of towns in specific geographical locations have emerged as dynamic industrial locations and handsomely contributing to India’s exports. These industrial cluster-towns have been recognized with a view to maximizing their export profiles and help in upgrading them to move up the higher value markets. A beginning is being made to consider industrial cluster towns such as Tripura for Hosiery, Panipat for Woolen Blankets and Ludhiana for Woolen knitwear. Common service providers in these areas shall be entitled for EPCG Scheme, funds under the MAI scheme for creating focused technological services, priority assistance for identified critical infrastructural gaps from the Scheme on Central Assistance to States. Units in these notified areas would be eligible for availing all the Exim Policy Scheme. The Government of India has framed several schemes to promote exports and to obtain foreign exchange. These schemes grants incentive and other benefits. The few important export incentives, from the point of view of indirect taxes are briefed below: ? FREE TRADE ZONES (FTZ) Several FTZs have been established at various places in India like Kandla, Noida, Cochin, etc. No excise duties are payable on goods manufactured in these zones provided they are made for export purpose. Goods being brought in these zones from different parts of the country are brought without the payment of any excise duty. Moreover, no customs duties are payable on imported raw material and components used in the manufacture of such goods being exported. If entire production is not sold outside the country, the unit has the provision of selling 25% of their production in India. On such sale, the excise duty is payable at 50% of basic plus additional customs or normal excise duty payable if the goods were produced elsewhere in India, whichever is higher. ELECTRONIC HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY PARK / SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY PARKS This scheme is just like FTZ scheme, but it is restricted to units in the electronics and computer hardware and software sector. ADVANCE LICENCE / DUTY EXEMPTION ENTITLEMENT SCHEME (DEEC) In this scheme advance licence, either quantity based (Qbal) or value based (Vabal), is given to an exporter against which the raw materials and other components may be imported without payment of customs duty provided the manufactured goods are exported. These licence are transferable in the open market at a price. EXPORT PROMOTION CAPITAL GOODS SCHEME (EPCG) According to this scheme, a domestic manufacturer can import machinery and plant without paying customs duty or settling at a concessional rate of customs duty. But his undertakings should be as mentioned below: Customs Duty RateExport ObligationTimetime 10%4 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery5 years Nil in case CIF value is Rs200mn or more. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of machinery. 8 years Nil in case CIF value is Rs50mn or more for agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, floriculture, horticulture, poultry and sericulture. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of machinery. years . Note:- NFE stands for net foreign earnings. CIF stands for cost plus insurance plus freight cost of the machinery. FOB stands for Free on Board i. e. export value excluding cost of freight and insurance. DEEMED EXPORTS The Indian suppliers are entitled for the following benefits in respect of deemed exports: ? Refund of excise duty paid on final products ?Duty drawback ?Imports under DEEC scheme ?Sp ecial import licenses based on value of deemed exports The following categories are treated as deemed exports for seller if the goods are manufactured in India: 1. Supply of goods against duty free licences under DEEC scheme 2. Supply of goods to a 100 % EOU or a unit in a free trade zone or a unit in a software technology park or a unit in a hardware technology park 3. Supply of goods to holders of licence under the EPCG scheme 4. Supply of goods to projects financed by multilateral or bilateral agencies or funds notified by the Finance Ministry under international competitive bidding or under limited tender systems in accordance with the procedures of those agencies or funds where legal agreements provide for ender evaluation without including customs duty 5. Supply of capital goods and spares upto 10% of the FOR value to fertilizer plants under international competitive bidding 6. Supply of goods to any project or purpose in respect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification the import of goods at zero customs duty along with benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies 7. Supply of goods to power, oil and gas sectors in res pect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies MANUFACTURE UNDER BOND This scheme furnishes a bond with the manufacturer of adequate amount to undertake the export of his production. Against this the manufacturer is allowed to import goods without paying any customs duty, even if he obtain it from the domestic market without excise duty. The production is made under the supervision of customs or excise authority. DUTY DRAWBACK IT means the rebate of duty chargeable on imported material or excisable material used in the manufacturing of goods in and is exported. The exporter may claim drawback or refund of excise and customs duties being paid by his suppliers. The final exporter can claim the drawback on material used for the manufacture of export products. In case of re-import of goods the drawback can be claimed. The following are Drawbacks: ?Customs paid on imported inputs plus excise duty paid on indigenous imports. ?Duty paid on packing material. Drawback is not allowed on inputs obtained without payment of customs or excise duty. In part payment of customs and excise duty, rebate or refund can be claimed only on the paid part. In case of re-export of goods, it should be done within 2 years from the date of payment of duty when they were imported. 98% of the duty is allowable as drawback, only after inspection. If the goods imported are used before its re-export, the drawback will be allowed as at reduced per cent. ? NAME Yash patel COLLEGE NAME Kamala Mehta College of commerce ROLL NO. 156 PROJECT NAME Export assistance and incentives CLASS T. Y. BCOM (B) ? How to cite Export Assistance and Incentives, Papers

Mobile/Tablet Devices Bringing Gaming To Everyone

Question: Discuss about theMobile/Tablet Devices Bringing Gaming To Everyone. Answer: How Are Mobile/Tablet Devices Bringing Gaming to Everyone A mobile device is an electronic device that has a small form factor, at least one wireless interface for network access, local and non-removable storage, (Wi-Fi, cellular or other), and applications (Souppaya and Scarfone, 2013). Sales of mobile devices like smartphones, tablets, and feature phones all over the world are steadily increasing (Statista, n.d.). All of the modern devices are capable of running software in the form of applications. A video game is an electronic game for the entertainment of people. In the present-day, video games are available on many platforms and range in complexity from a simple Snake game to the visually lifelike graphics, like the bouncy ponytail of the protagonist in game Tomb Raider (Stuart, 2015). Video games' platforms have been growing from consoles, personal computers to mobile devices. Consoles are specialised and usually expensive. Personal computers are generic machines capable of running any software built for the operating system the computer is running, but the computers still require a financial investment. Mobile devices, on the other hand, are general, portable, represent a relatively minor financial investment and have surpassed the usage of computers around 2014 (Chaffey, 2016). This paper looks into how the mobile devices are bringing gaming to everyone. Background The background of this research topic is video games and the players. Traditionally consoles and handheld gaming devices were the means to play video games. Then, games were developed for personal computers also. In fact, games today are released across platforms i.e. for computer, Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox (Lengyel, 2000). Then mobile devices began to take hold in people's lives, and most of us might remember the classic Snake game on Nokia mobiles. With the present-day smartphones and tablets (Android from Google, iOS from Apple, and others) the software and hardware capabilities of the devices are comparable to personal computers of yesteryears, and this allows for immersive games as well. However, the comparison is not only of the base platform but also the accessibility and portability of mobile devices. We carry a mobile phone everywhere but not a gaming console. A mobile device changes the landscape of gaming for the developers as well as the players. Some industry experts argue that mobile gaming will kill console/computer gaming, while others claim that they will co-exist and mutually fuel each other's growth. After all, once a gamer, always a gamer (Science on NBC News, 2009). Additionally, mobile devices are becoming more pervasive in our lives with the advent of wearable technology like smart watches (Charara, 2016). Such technology allows for even more venues for gaming and capturing traditionally inaccessible customer demographics (Tassi, 2016). It must be noted that mobile games and the traditional (console/computer) games are complementary and do not bite into one another. Passionate gamers are more than likely to be playing on consoles as well as mobile devices, and both industries are growing (Kharpal, 2016). Also, the two venues for playing games -mobile and console/computers cannot compete with the experience they provide. As an illustration, consoles and computers give visually arresting games like Fallout 4 while its mobile version is a simple game Fallout Shelter (Tassi, 2016). Mobile devices are helping to bring gaming to everyone by enabling people who would never invest their time and money in consoles or games on computers. A mobile device, coupled with the overflowing abundance of video games allows for people to play and enjoy video games at their convenience (Scimeca, 2015). Mobile devices are also helping to bring gaming to everyone by providing a convenient and accessible venue for playing to children. The kids are moving away from the family computer and beginning to spend their leisure time as well as more of their money on mobile video games and in-app purchases (Whitney, 2015). Another trend that may be helping in creating more dedicated gamers is the movement of mobile games to computers or consoles, and vice-versa. Present-day mobile devices together with their application marketplaces (also called app stores) are helping bring gaming to everyone by making it easier to find, download and play the games. Also, the shorter time investment required to gain gratification seems to adjust well to the schedules of busy people, and this helps to expand the reach of gaming, thus bringing it to more and more people (Scimeca, 2015) like toddlers, the housewives, the elderly (Tassi, 2016). Newer, smaller and more accessible technologies like wearable technologies are providing a more new venue for gaming on opening the gaming world for more people (Falstein, 2014). This availability of such devices will allow gaming to included in more day-to-day tasks (Keating, 2015). References Chaffey, D. (2016). Mobile marketing statistics 2016. [online] Smart Insights. Available at: https://www.smartinsights.com/mobile-marketing/mobile-marketing-analytics/mobile-marketing-statistics/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Statista. (n.d.). Global mobile phone sales by vendor 2010-2015 | Statistic. [online] Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/263355/global-mobile-device-sales-by-vendor-since-1st-quarter-2008/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Charara, S. (2016). Gamer's wrist: The best smartwatch games for Apple Watch and more. [online] Wareable. Available at: https://www.wareable.com/smartwatches/best-smartwatch-games [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Falstein, N. (2014). Looking to the Future (Presented by Google). [online] GDC Vault. Available at: https://www.gdcvault.com/play/1020679/Looking-to-the-Future-(Presented [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Statista. (n.d.). Global mobile phone sales by vendor 2010-2015 | Statistic. [online] Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/263355/global-mobile-device-sales-by-vendor-since-1st-quarter-2008/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Keating, L. (2015). Gaming On-The-Go: The Future Of Mobile Gaming vs. Consoles. [online] Tech Times. Available at: https://www.techtimes.com/articles/57048/20150604/gaming-go-future-mobile-vs-consoles.htm [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Kent, S. (2001). The ultimate history of video games. 1st ed. New York: Three Rivers Press. Kharpal, A. (2016). Mobile game revenues to overtake console, PC for first time. [online] CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2016/04/22/mobile-game-revenue-to-pass-console-pc-for-first-time.html [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Lengyel, E. (2000). Simultaneous Cross-Platform Game Development. [online] Gamasutra.com. Available at: https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131830/simultaneous_crossplatform_game_.php [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Science on NBC News. (2009). Once a gamer, always a gamer, experts say. [online] Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/id/32243863/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/once-gamer-always-gamer-experts-say/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Scimeca, D. (2015). The unstoppable rise of mobile gaming. [online] The Kernel. Available at: https://kernelmag.dailydot.com/issue-sections/headline-story/11996/rise-of-mobile-gaming/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Souppaya, M. and Scarfone, K. (2013). Guidelines for Managing the Security of Mobile Devices in the Enterprise. [online] Available at: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-124r1.pdf [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Stuart, K. (2015). Photorealism - the future of video game visuals. [online] The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/12/future-of-video-gaming-visuals-nvidia-rendering [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Tassi, P. (2016). Why Haven't Video Game Consoles Died Yet?. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/insertcoin/2016/01/31/why-havent-video-game-consoles-died-yet/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017]. Whitney, L. (2015). Kids pick mobile devices over PCs, consoles for gaming. [online] CNET. Available at: https://www.cnet.com/news/kids-now-pick-mobile-devices-over-pcs-consoles-for-gaming-npd-group/ [Accessed 27 Jan. 2017].

Migration Management & Mobility Pathways-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain in your own words what sections of the INZ Operational Instructions apply to Harpreets health assessment for a residency visa and why? 2.Will Harpreet meet the acceptable standard of health? Explain in your own words, why or why not? 3.What submissions would you make to support his Case identify any further information you might need to make these submissions? Answers: 1.According to the fact of the case, Harpeet has diagnosed with cancer and he applied for Student visa. The cost of his health care treatment will be in excess of NZ$11,000 per year. Now according to the A4.10 the acceptable standard of health provide the section for the residence visa. Under this section, the visa applicant can apply for the residence class visa. For the acceptable standard of health residential, visa applicable for a medical waiver. For the decline of the visa under the residence class visa, it may decline any person if it was not assessed. It also granted under the section A4.60 for an acceptable standard of health and a medical waiver[1]. The applicants who apply for the residence visa must provide proper information of the health diseases. It applicable for the health disease, which affects danger to public health or it may completely imposed for significant costs for a health residence services or special education services[2]. The applicant can considered under an acceptable standard of health for granting the visa for a medical waiver according to undertake the work[3]. The medical conditions, which will be applicable in this matters for the major diseases like HIV infection, Hepatitis B added with antigen positive along with abnormal liver function Hepatitis C, RNA positive, solid organ transplants Chronic renal failure or progressive renal disorders Cardiac disease Genetic or congenital disorders severe autoimmune disease Malignancies of solid organs and hematopoietic tissue Under the above medical list, the hearing loss or profound bilateral sensori-neural hearing loss, vision impairment with visual acuity and physical disability are also included. Therefore, it is necessary to meet with the requirement of the residence class visa for the applicant[4]. If the significant cost does not meet with New Zealand's health services requirement then the applicant will never get the access of the resident visa. The applicant must have the ability to pay the cost of the health services, pharmaceuticals, or residential cares, which are, required which he and someone other than the applicant[5]. 2.The medical issues are one of the important parts in the visa application for the applicant. If any delay occurs in the visa processing, then it may cancel the visa processing in a competent way. In the immigration process for the acceptable standard of health residence class visa, the applicant must follow some rules, which are essential in New Zealand. Under the terms of the visa process, it is necessary to operate the immigration process with essential two tiers which has operated by the Immigration New Zealand where individually any person can able to apply for the acceptable standard of health in a residence application[6]. It is necessary to apply under a medical condition where a medical waiver is also required in the application. The application will not acceptable if applicant is suffered under some dangerous diseases, which are: HIV infection, Hepatitis B added with antigen positive along with abnormal liver function Hepatitis C, RNA positive, solid organ transplants Chronic renal failure or progressive renal disorders Cardiac disease Genetic or congenital disorders severe autoimmune disease Nurologcal diseases which includes poorly controlled epilepsy, Cerebrovascular disease, Cerebral palsy, Poliomyelitis, progressive multiple sclerosis Malignancies of solid organs and hematopoietic tissue[7] Chronic respiratory disease Severe developmental disorders like brain injury, intellectual disability, physical disability, and Autistic spectrum disorders[8] Therefore, the medical conditions must be relevant with the health disorders of the applicant[9]. According to the case facts Harpeet has applied for Student visa ad later he found about his cancer. The cost of the treatment will be in excess of NZ$11,000 per year and his brother wants to provide the medical support to him. Now according to the health requirement for the immigration service Harpeet already cover all required area[10]. He was already applied for student visa and now suffering from a diseases. Therefore the according to the above requirement his diseases not matching with the list. The disease, which he is suffering, not creates any danger to the public. Therefore, he can apply for the residential visa in New Zealand[11]. 3.According to the act of the case Harpeet is required pay the treatment amount of NZ$11,000 per year which written by the doctor. Therefore, in the significant of the cost, he is bound to pay the medical costs in New Zealand. Now his brother will pay the amount for the medical emergency[12]. The issue about the medical costs has solved. The second issue is one of the important part in this case, which is health condition of the visa applicant[13]. The visa applicant is suffering from cancer and he need to prove that his health condition is not creating any risk for the country. The application of the visa is might not granted if the diseases are found according to the below list. The diseases are: HIV infection, Hepatitis B added with antigen positive along with abnormal liver function Hepatitis C, RNA positive, solid organ transplants Chronic renal failure or progressive renal disorders Cardiac disease Genetic or congenital disorders severe autoimmune disease Nurologcal diseases which includes poorly controlled epilepsy, Cerebrovascular disease, Cerebral palsy, Poliomyelitis, progressive multiple sclerosis Malignancies of solid organs and hematopoietic tissue Chronic respiratory disease Severe developmental disorders like brain injury, intellectual disability, physical disability, and Autistic spectrum disorders[14] Therefore, according to the facts of the case cancer is not creating any danger for the country[15]. The medical cost of him will paid by his brother according to the terms of the significant cost of New Zealand. Therefore, no issues have found in this case where Harpeet is not able to get the Acceptable Standard of Health for the residence visa. He is completely applicable for the visa according to the A4.10 the acceptable standard of health[16]. References "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)." Immigration.Govt.Nz, 2017, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual/44855.htm. "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017." Immigration.Govt.Nz, 2017, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual/. "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation." Immigration.Govt.Nz, 2017, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual/43656.htm. Friesen, Wardlow. "Migration management and mobility pathways for Filipino migrants to New Zealand." Asia Pacific Viewpoint (2017). Joseph, Mary Geena Chakiamury. "From students to permanent residents: The role of social networks in the immigration transition of Indians in New Zealand." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 25.2 (2016): 168-190. Spinks, Harriet, and Michael Klapdor. New Zealanders in Australia: a quick guide. Parliamentary Library, 2014. Wickramage, Kolitha, and Davide Mosca. "Can migration health assessments become a mechanism for global public health good?." International journal of environmental research and public health 11.10 (2014): 9954-9963. "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)"). "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017"). "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). ("V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)"). "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017"). "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)"). "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017"). "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)"). "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017"). "Operational Manual - Immigration New Zealand. Issue Date: 31 August 2017"). "V3.40 Entry To New Zealand For The Purpose Of Medical Treatment Or Consultation"). "A4.10 Acceptable Standard Of Health (Applicants For Residence) (30/07/2012)").